सर्वनाम| Hindi sarvnam| Hindi pronoun

 सर्वनाम (sarvnam) Pronouns - Words used in place of nouns are called pronouns.  For example, I, you, her, her etc. 

The literal meaning of the sarvnam (pronoun) is "everyone's name".

Pronouns are used to remove repetition of nouns and to preserve the beauty of the sentence.

Types of pronoun - 

1 - पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम ( purushvachak sarvnam) personal pronoun - Those who hear and understand the pronoun about whom they are talking are called personal pronouns. 

EXAMPLE -: 

मैं       - Main   - I 

तुम.    - Tum    - You

वह     - Vah     - He/ she

हम    - Ham    - We

आप   - Aap.    - You ( by respect)

वे       - ve.      -  They 

Types of Personal Pronouns -:

(A) उत्तम पुरुष ( uttam purush) First person pronoun - 

The pronoun that the speaker uses for himself It is called first person pronoun.

EXAMPLE -

 मैं       ( main).  I

मेरा.     ( Mera ) Mine 

हम.     ( Ham).  We

हमारा  ( Hamara) Our 

हमने  ( Hamne )   We 

( B) Second person pronoun - 

When the speaker uses a pronoun for the hearer, it is called a second person pronoun.

Example - 

तुम ,आप ( tum, Aap)  you 

आपका ( Apka) your 

(C) Third person pronoun  - The pronoun which is used for another person at the time is called third person pronoun.

  Example - 

वह (vah)  He

वे ( ve)  they 

2 - निश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम  (Nishchayvachak sarvnam) Definitive pronoun -  The words by which a definite person or thing is indicated are called definite pronouns.

Example - 

ये ( ye ) , यह ( yah)  This - 

यह घर मेरा है। ( yah Ghar Mera Hai)

This house is mine

ये मेरा खिलौना है। ( ye Mera Khilauna Hai)

This is my toy.

वह (vah)  that 

वह एक अस्पताल है। ( vah Ek aspataal Hai)

That is a hospital.

वे (ve) they 

वे विद्यालय जा रहे हैं। (Ve Vidyalay ja rahe hain)

They are going to school.

3.अनिश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम (Anishchay vachak sarvnam ) indefinite pronoun -

The pronoun which does not refer to any definite person or thing is called an indefinite pronoun.

Example - 

कोई गा रहा है । ( Koi Ga Raha Hai)

Someone is singing. 

In this sentence the word  'कोई' is a pronoun, but it is not certain who is it ?

कुछ ( kuchh ) some 

मेरे पास कुछ है। (mere pass Kuchh  Hai)

 I have something.

There is something in this sentence but not sure what it is it ? 

4.संबंधवाचक सर्वनाम ( sambndhvachk sarvnam) - 

 Pronouns that show mutual relation in a sentence are called relative pronouns.

Example  -

 जैसा करोगे वैसा परिणाम मिलेगा ( Jesa karoge vesa parinam niklega) 

what you do is what you get.

5.  प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम ( prashnvachk sarvnam)

Interrogative pronoun -

The pronoun which indicates a question is called an interrogative pronoun.

Example - 

कब ? ( kab) when ?

तुम जयपुर कब जाओगे ? ( tum jayapur kab jaoge?)

When will you go to Jaipur ?

कौन ? ( kon) Who? 

'रामचरितमानस' के रचयिता कौन हैं ?   (Raamacharitamaanas ke rachayita kaun hain?) 

Who is the author of Ramcharitmanas ?

6. निजवाचक सर्वनाम ( nijvachak sarvnam)  Reflexive pronouns.

The pronoun used by the subject for himself is called Reflexive pronouns word.

मैं अपना कार्य स्वयं करता हूं। ( main apana kaary svayan karata hoon.

I do my work myself.