Learn Hindi part - 1 Vovel

  

   

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Alphabets - The smallest sound that cannot be broken into pieces is called a letter.

Example - अ, इ , उ , क् , ग् , च् , म् etc.
IPA Symbol Word ʌ , ɪ , ʊ k , ɡ , tʃ , mʌ

Alphabet - An ordered group of alphabets is called alphabet.  The number of characters in Hindi language is 48.  In which 11 vowels and 33 characters are included.
There are two types of letters in Hindi - 1.vowel 2.consonant

(1) Vowel - The letters which do not require the help of any other character in pronunciation are called vowels, their number in Hindi language is 11.  Example - 

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There are three distinctions on the basis of the pronunciation of vowels (1) Short vowels -  The class which is pronounced in a short time is called Hrsva (short) vowels.  There are 4 vowel vowels in the Hindi language, for example -
अ , इ , उ , ऋ
ʌ , ɪ , ʊ , hrɪ

(2) Long vowels - The vowels which take twice the time to pronounce than the vowels are called long vowels.  Example -

आ , ई  ,  ऊ  ,  ए ,  ऐ , ओ , औ
IPA Symbol ɑ:  ,  i: ,  u: ,  e ,  æ ,  ɒ , aʊ
etc.

Over Long Vowel - Words which take 3 times more time to pronounce than long vowels are called overlong vowels.  Example - ओ३म् ( oum ) .

Compound vowels - Compound vowels are formed by joining different vowels.  Example -

अ + इ = ए     अ + उ = ओ  
ʌ  + ɪ =  e      ʌ  + ʊ = ɒ
आ + ए  = ऐ       आ  + ओ = औ ।
ɑ: + e = eə        ɑ:  + ɒ  = aʊ

When vowels are used with consonants, the form of vowels changes. This changed form of vowels is called vowel symbol and its usage is as follows -Vowel    symbol  

Vowel   Vowel       IPA      USE
             Symbol     

अ     no symbol      ʌ        घर, भर, जल ,वन
आ            ा              ɑ:      आना,जाना,खाना
इ               ि              ɪ       किधर,इधर, मिहिर
ई               ी              i:      चील, झील,कीमत
उ               ु              ʊ       कुछ,धुन, मधुर
ऊ              ू              u:      घूम,भूल,खून
ऋ              ृ             hrɪ     ऋषि, ऋतिक,ऋण
ए                े             e        खेल,जेल,मेल
ऐ                ै             æ      भैया,रैन,मैना
ओ             ो             ɒ       कोयल,घोल,मोल
औ             ौ         aʊ        कौन, और,मौन             अं               ं             ʌn    संगीत, जंगल,चंचल
अ:              :              ʌh     छ:, दु:ख,

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