Learn Hindi 2 consonants

( 2 ) .  Consonant - The letters which have to be pronounced with the help of vowels are called consonants, their number is 37. Example -

क् , ख् ,  ग्  , घ् ,  ङ् ,
च् ,  छ् ,  ज् , झ् ,  ञ् ,
ट् , ठ् , ड्,  ढ् , ण् , त् , थ् , द् , ध् , न् , 
प् , फ् , ब् , भ् , म् , य् , र् , ल् , व् , श्  , 
ष् ,स् , ह् , क्ष् , त्र् , ज्ञ्  ,श्र्  ।

Distinctions of consonants - There are three types of consonants from the point of view of pronunciation -

(1) touch consonant - in the pronunciation of which the breath air touches the different parts of the mouth etc.

example - क् category - क् ख् ग् ,घ् ,ङ्
च category - च् ,छ् ,ज् ,झ् ,ञ् ।
ट caegory - ट् , ,ठ् ,ड् ,ढ् ,ण् ।
त category - ग - त्  ,थ् ,द् ,ध् ,न् ।
प category - प् ,फ् ,ब् ,भ् ,म्  । = 25

(2) Intrinsic Consonants - The letters which are pronounced between vowels and consonants are called internal consonants.  They are also called half vowels.  It is four in number Example - य् र् ल् व्।


(3) Heat consonant - In the pronunciation of these consonants, the breath air gets heated out due to rubbing, they are called heat consonant.  It is four in number.  Example - श् ष् स् ह् ।

(4) Combined consonant - The consonant made by combining two different consonant are called combined consonant .  Their number is 3 eg - क् + ष् = क्ष् , त् + र् = त्र्  , ज् + ञ् = ज्ञ ।

Ayogvaha - Apart from vowels and consonants, there are 3 such sounds which are used like vowels but it is neither a vowel nor a consonant.अं, अँ,  and अ: An, An, and Ah These 3 sounds are called Ayogvaha. Those who remain together even if there is no conjunction, they are called ayogvaha. This word is used with them even if they do not exist in vowels and consonants, hence they are called Ayogvaha.

(A) Anuswar - ( ं ) The pronunciation of Anuswar is similar to म् and the pronunciation of Visarga (:) is similar to ह् . 

(B) Chandrabindu - ( ँं ) When a vowel is uttered through the nose and mouth, then Chandrabindu appears on it, Chandrabindu is also called
Nasal .  Example - हँसना, साँप, मांँ , चाँंद। hansna,  sanp, man, Chand

 (C) Halant - There is an oblique line under vowelless consonants, this line is called Hal and the consonants under which it is found are called Halant.  Example - क् ,ट् ,ठ् ,म ।

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